Myocarditis refers to inflammation of the myocardium. Myocardium refers to the muscle of the heart that contracts in order to allow blood to flow through blood vessels. Inflammation in the myocardium can lead to the death of heart muscle cells.
원인
Myocarditis can be caused by many causes:
One of the most serious is an infection with a virus that attacks heart cells. CMV, parvoviruses, herpes and EBV are the main viruses.
There are also other causes:
- Bacterial infections (Lyme, Bartonellosis and brucellosis),
- Autoimmune diseases
- Hypersensitivity reactions to some drugs, intoxication with toxic products like lead, arsenic and alcohol after radiotherapy or Electrocution.
증상
There are many symptoms that can be experienced.
Myocarditis of viral origin often causes a flu-like syndrome (fever and fatigue, joint pain), which can precede the signs of cardiac involvement. Most common symptoms include constant chest pain with varying intensity. You may feel tightness in your chest, or you might experience breathing difficulties, such as palpitations.
Patients with severe heart failure may experience respiratory distress, or even cardiac arrest. There are many factors that go into determining the diagnosis.
The most important elements are:
- The presence of any of the above symptoms of myocarditis.
- Inflammation is a sign that blood tests are showing. An increase in white blood cells, CRP, and VS.
- You may also experience symptoms of cardiac distress due to elevated troponin levels.
An electrocardiogram can also show signs of cardiac muscle injury, with similar electrical manifestations to an infarction. This could be related to cardiac rhythm disorders. The cardiac ultrasound will allow you to assess the severity of the condition and its impact on your cardiac function.
An angiography of the coronary vessels is performed often to rule out an obstruction that could cause infarction.
A cardiac MRI is the best way to diagnose myocarditis. It can differentiate between a heart attack or myocarditis. It is not always possible to do this in an emergency because of the difficulty in accessing it.
치료
Myocarditis treatment is directly linked to the cause:
- There is no treatment for viral myocarditis other than rest, monitoring, and treatment.
- Myocarditis caused by bacterial infection will be treated with the appropriate antibiotics.
- Myocarditis caused by an autoimmune disease will require immunosuppressive medications or corticosteroids.
The patient should be admitted to hospital for monitoring vital parameters, electrocardiogram and troponin levels. Also, the patient must be examined for any cardiac problems.
Treatment options for heart failure include medication, circulatory support, and heart transplantation. But it also exists very effective home remedies:
Home Remedies: 심근염 가정 요법.